Waterlines: Stories of Resilience from the Coasts and Backwaters of Kerala — Chellanam and Kumbalangi

Author: Anusree, Indian Institute for Human Settlements (IIHS)

Waterlines: Kerala's Coastal Resilience

The If Cities Could Speak project in Ernakulam district, India focuses on two coastal locations: Chellanam and Kumbalangi.

In Chellanam, the sea is never too far from people’s homes. This coastal panchayat faces the brunt of frequent sea surges, when waves push past the shore and into the narrow lanes of the village. For residents, this intrusion is not just about water entering their homes—it also means overflowing sewage tanks, foul smells, and an increased risk of disease. Coping with these recurring surges has become part of everyday life. Some families gather their belongings and move to relatives’ houses until the waters recede. Others rent small spaces in neighboring localities, though this option is costly and out of reach for most. What emerges is a picture of resilience shaped by necessity — temporary adjustments and makeshift solutions in the face of a problem that never fully goes away. .

Floodwaters push into narrow village lanes in Kannamali, Chellanam Panchayat.

Floodwaters push into narrow village lanes in Kannamali, Chellanam Panchayat.

People wade through their streets, walls bear flood marks, and homes must be rebuilt often. Yet the people stay — strong, unwavering.

Kumbalangi: Fishing Through the Flood

In Kumbalangi, flooding comes every season. Yet boats leave daily, nets are cast, and fish are caught — rain or shine.

Residents of Kannamali walk along a flooded road as sea surge waters enter the village

The backwaters nourish life here. Pearl spot fish, clam collection, and auctions define both work and culture. This is waterborne resilience.

Flooding from the sea surge entered houses and front yards, affecting residents’ daily lives


People making their way through a village pathway flooded by the sea surge

Marks of previous floodings on the walls of resident’s home

Waves from the sea surge spill into homes, flooding the daily lives of residents

House of a local resident damaged by the recurring sea surge

In Kumbalangi, an island village on the Vembanad Lake located on the fringes of Kochi city, most residents rely on inland fishing for their livelihood. Between January and February, the village experiences seasonal flooding, locally known as Vrishchika Kayattam, which affects their daily lives. Besides flooding, residents also face other health challenges at different times of the year, such as heatstroke, and some fishermen suffer from kidney stones.

Landscape of Kumbalangi, an island village situated in the backwaters

Fisherman folding fishing nets after the day’s catch

Small-scale fishermen selling the day’s catch after keeping some for themselves

A fisherman catching fish manually during the rain

Kumbalangi during the rainy season – where water, boats, and fishing are constants in the daily lives of fishermen

Kumbalangi during the rainy season – where water, boats, and fishing are constants in the daily lives of fishermen